angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Description Results NMA

Death 0.94 [0.88; 0.99]

captopril 6.25mg twice daily initialy titrated up to 50 mg twice daily (for 1 month) (n=29028)

vs.

placebo (n=29022)

double blind

Factorial plan

Sample size: 29028/29022

Primary endpoint: death

FU duration: 1 month

captopril6.25 mg initial dose, 12.5 mg 2 h later, and then 12.5 mg three times daily for 28 days (n=13634)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 13634/0

Primary endpoint: death

FU duration: 1 month

Captopril 12·5 mg initial dose, up to 25–50 mg three times daily (n=1115)

vs.

placebo (n=1116)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 1115/1116

Primary endpoint: Mortality from all causes

FU duration: 3.5y

Captopril (n=38)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 38/0

Primary endpoint: hemodynamic function and left ventricular volume

FU duration: 1 year

Captopril 50mg daily (n=58)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 58/0

Primary endpoint: Ventricular arrhythmias

FU duration: 6 months

Captopril 25 mg thrice a day (n=60)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 60/0

Primary endpoint: left ventricular volumes

FU duration: 1 year

Captopril 25 mg bid (n=10)

vs.

placebo (n=11)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 10/11

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 2 months

captopril 6.25 mg, increasing to 50 mg t.d.s. (n=243)

vs.

placebo (n=250)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 243/250

Primary endpoint: regional wall motion

FU duration: 1 year

captopril 25 mg three times a day (n=149)

vs.

placebo (n=149)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 149/149

Primary endpoint: left ventricular volume index

FU duration: 1 year

captopril 25 mg three times daily or enalapril 5 mg three times daily (n=150)

vs.

placebo (n=75)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 150/75

Primary endpoint: LV function

FU duration: 1 year

captopril titrated dose in order to preserve their blood pressure (n=104)

vs.

placebo (n=104)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 104/104

Primary endpoint: exercise testing

FU duration: 1 month

captopril 50 mg twice daily (n=100)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 100/0

Primary endpoint: Left ventricular volumes

FU duration: 3 months

captopril 25 mg three times a day (n=99)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 99/0

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 1 year

intravenous followed by oral captopril (n=20)

vs.

placebo (n=18)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 20/18

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 3 months

slow intravenous bolus injection of 2.5 or 5.0 mg captopril followed by a continuous infusion of 1.5-2.0 mg/h for a period of 48 hours (n=22)

vs.

placebo (n=24)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 22/24

Primary endpoint: QRS complexes

FU duration: 48h

captopril, 6.25 mg, orally 15 min before thrombolysis (n=188)

vs.

placebo before thrombolysis (n=183)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 188/183

Primary endpoint: not defined

FU duration: 2h

captopril first dose 2-4 h after starting thrombolysis (the dose was then increased up to 25 mg every 8 h (n=31)

vs.

placebo (n=30)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 31/30

Primary endpoint: not defined

FU duration: 12h

captopril (n=21)

vs.

placebo (n=22)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 21/22

Primary endpoint: left ventricular volume indexes

FU duration: 14 days

12.5 mg of captopril three times daily (n=36)

vs.

placebo (n=36)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 36/36

Primary endpoint: none defined

FU duration: 28 days

enalapril (1 mg IV infusion +5-20 mg PO daily) for 6 months (n=3044)

vs.

placebo (n=3046)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 3044/3046

Primary endpoint: all cause death

FU duration: 6 months

intravenous enalaprilat (1 mg) then oral treatment for 1 month (n=22)

vs.

placebo (n=21)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 22/21

Primary endpoint: cardiac volumes and ejection fraction

FU duration: 1 year

fosinopril (n=142)

vs.

placebo (n=143)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 142/143

Primary endpoint: LV volumes

FU duration: 2 years

lisinopril (5 mg initial dose and then 10 mg daily) for 42 days (n=9435)

vs.

open control (n=9460)

open

Factorial plan

Sample size: 9435/9460

Primary endpoint: all cause mortality

FU duration: 6 months

Ramipril 2·5 mg twice daily initial dose, up to 5 mg twice daily for at least 6 months (n=1004)

vs.

placebo (n=992)

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 1004/992

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 1.25 y

2.5 mg ramipril orally prior to thrombolysis and 12 h later (n=51)

vs.

placebo (n=48)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 51/48

Primary endpoint: PAI-1 plasma levels

FU duration: 7 days

Trandolapril 1 mg daily initial dose, up to 4 mg daily (n=876)

vs.

placebo (n=873)

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 876/873

Primary endpoint: death from any cause

FU duration: 3 y

Long term death (1 year) 0.70 [0.54; 0.93]

death or severe congestive heart failure 0.67 [0.49; 0.93]

zofenopril initial dose 7.5 mg, up to a tagert dos eof 30mg twice daily (n=772)

vs.

placebo (n=784)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 772/784

Primary endpoint: death or severe congestive

FU duration: 1 year

NYHA class improvement 2.18 [1.02; 4.66]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.25 [0.05; 1.35]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.92 [0.31; 2.69]

benazepriltitrated up to 20mg daily (n=114)

vs.

placebo (n=58)

double blind

Sample size: 114/58

Primary endpoint: exercise duration

FU duration: 12-week

(n=29)

vs.

(n=32)

Sample size: 29/32

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

Captopril 12·5 mg initial dose, up to 25–50 mg three times daily (n=1115)

vs.

placebo (n=1116)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 1115/1116

Primary endpoint: Mortality from all causes

FU duration: 3.5y

Captopril (n=38)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 38/0

Primary endpoint: hemodynamic function and left ventricular volume

FU duration: 1 year

Captopril 50mg daily (n=58)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 58/0

Primary endpoint: Ventricular arrhythmias

FU duration: 6 months

Captopril 25 mg thrice a day (n=60)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 60/0

Primary endpoint: left ventricular volumes

FU duration: 1 year

Captopril 25 mg bid (n=10)

vs.

placebo (n=11)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 10/11

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 2 months

Death 0.61 [0.12; 3.00]

NYHA class improvement 1.88 [1.20; 2.94]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.87 [0.56; 1.34]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.50 [0.31; 0.82]

Death 1.05 [0.63; 1.74]

all cause death or hospitalisation 1.00 [1.00; 1.00]

captopril 25 mg t.i.d. (n=48)

vs.

placebo (n=46)

double blind

Sample size: 48/46

Primary endpoint: Clinical status, exercise capacity, cardiac dimensions and performance

FU duration: 1 year

captopril (n=12)

vs.

placebo (n=11)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 12/11

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 6 months

captopril (n=104)

vs.

placebo (n=100)

double blind

Sample size: 104/100

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

captopril (37.5-75 mg/day) (n=52)

vs.

placebo (n=49)

double blind

Sample size: 52/49

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 6 months

captopril 25 mg twice a day (n=83)

vs.

placebo (n=87)

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 83/87

Primary endpoint: Progression of heart failure to NYHA class IV

FU duration: 2.7y (median)

captopril (n=16)

vs.

placebo (n=16)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 16/16

Primary endpoint: hemodynamic response to static exercise

FU duration:

captopril (n=50)

vs.

placebo (n=42)

double blind

Sample size: 50/42

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 12 weeks

cilazapril 1-2.5 mg once daily (n=108)

vs.

placebo (n=114)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 108/114

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks

captopril 150 mg/d (n=21)

vs.

enalapril 40mg/d (n=21)

open

Parallel groups

Sample size: 21/21

Primary endpoint: none

FU duration: 1-3 months

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.91 [0.16; 5.30]

NYHA class improvement ∞ [NaN; ∞]

cilazapril (n=11)

vs.

placebo (n=10)

double blind

Sample size: 11/10

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 3 months

cilazapril titrated up to 2.5 mg/d (n=7)

vs.

placebo (n=35)

double blind

Sample size: 7/35

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks

cilazapril 1-2.5 mg once daily (n=221)

vs.

placebo (n=114)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 221/114

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks

cilazapril 1-2.5 mg once daily (n=221)

vs.

captopril 25-50mg three times daily (n=108)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 221/108

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.83 [0.77; 0.90]

Death 0.89 [0.80; 0.98]

Hospitalisation 0.71 [0.63; 0.79]

all cause death or hospitalisation NaN [NaN; NaN]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.00 [0.00; NaN]

NYHA class improvement 7.94 [1.86; 33.81]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.97 [0.84; 1.12]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.52 [0.18; 1.47]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.00 [0.00; NaN]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.49 [0.09; 2.56]

Enalapril initial dose 2·5 or 5 mg twice daily up to 10 mg twice daily (n=1285)

vs.

placebo (n=1284)

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 1285/1284

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 3.5 y

Enalapril initial dose 2·5 or 5 mg twice daily up to 10 mg twice daily (n=2111)

vs.

placebo (n=2117)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 2111/2117

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 3.1 y

enalapril titrated up to 40mg once daily (n=10)

vs.

placebo (n=10)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 10/10

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 8 weeks

(n=55)

vs.

(n=55)

Sample size: 55/55

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

enalapril (2.5 to 40 mg per day) (n=127)

vs.

placebo (n=126)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 127/126

Primary endpoint: mortality

FU duration: 188 days

(n=126)

vs.

(n=130)

Sample size: 126/130

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

enalapril (n=20)

vs.

placebo (n=21)

double blind

Sample size: 20/21

Primary endpoint: exercise performance

FU duration: 48 weeks

(n=67)

vs.

(n=65)

Sample size: 67/65

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

enalapril 5mg twice day (n=18)

vs.

placebo (n=18)

double blind

Sample size: 18/18

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 3 months

enalapril (n=13)

vs.

placebo (n=12)

double blind

Sample size: 13/12

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 12 week

enalapril (n=-9)

vs.

placebo (n=-9)

double blind

Sample size: -9/-9

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 14 weeks

enalapril 5-10mg daily (n=48)

vs.

placebo (n=48)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 48/48

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks

enalapril 2.5 mg twice daily (n=506)

vs.

enalapril 10 mg twice daily (n=516)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 506/516

Primary endpoint: death, hospitalization, worsening HF

FU duration: 6 months

enalapril 5 mg twice daily (n=510)

vs.

enalapril 10 mg twice daily (n=516)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 510/516

Primary endpoint: death, hospitalization, worsening HF

FU duration: 6 months

enalapril 20mg daily (n=403)

vs.

hydralazine 300 mg plus isosorbide dinitrate 160 mg daily (n=401)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 403/401

Primary endpoint: death

FU duration: 2.5y (range 0.5-5.7y)

fosinopril 10 or 20 mg/day (n=116)

vs.

placebo (n=125)

double blind

Sample size: 116/125

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 24 weeks

fosinopril 40 mg once daily titrated (n=155)

vs.

placebo (n=153)

double blind

Sample size: 155/153

Primary endpoint: maximal bicycle exercise time

FU duration: 12 weeks

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.84 [0.20; 3.43]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.32 [0.09; 1.10]

all cause death or hospitalisation 1.07 [0.07; 16.32]

all cause death or hospitalisation NaN [NaN; NaN]

(n=183)

vs.

(n=92)

Sample size: 183/92

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

(n=130)

vs.

(n=63)

Sample size: 130/63

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

(n=28)

vs.

(n=30)

Sample size: 28/30

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

lisinopril (n=14)

vs.

placebo (n=14)

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 14/14

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 12 weeks

lisnopril titrated up to 10mg daily (n=87)

vs.

placebo (n=43)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 87/43

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks

lisinopril low dose 2.5-5 mg daily (n=1596)

vs.

lisnopril high dose 32.5-35 mg daily (n=1568)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 1596/1568

Primary endpoint: all cause mortality

FU duration: 39 to 58 months

NYHA class improvement 2.03 [1.24; 3.32]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.00 [0.00; NaN]

Hospitalisation 0.64 [0.43; 0.97]

Death 0.90 [0.47; 1.71]

Long term death (1 year) 0.90 [0.47; 1.71]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.69 [0.47; 1.02]

perindopril, 2 mg once daily (n=61)

vs.

placebo (n=64)

double blind

Sample size: 61/64

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 3-month

perindopril, 4 mg/day (n=424)

vs.

placebo (n=426)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 424/426

Primary endpoint: all-cause mortality and unplanned heart failure related hospitalization

FU duration: 26.2 months (range 12-54.2m)

all cause death or hospitalisation NaN [NaN; NaN]

all cause death or hospitalisation NaN [NaN; NaN]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.48 [0.04; 5.25]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.65 [0.11; 3.83]

all cause death or hospitalisation ∞ [NaN; ∞]

NYHA class improvement 1.52 [0.95; 2.44]

quinapril (5mg bid, 10 mg bid, 20mg bid) (n=169)

vs.

placebo (n=56)

double-blind

Sample size: 169/56

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 12 weeks

quinapril 20mg/d (n=32)

vs.

placebo (n=32)

one daily dosing was compared with twice daily dosing in a 3-way crossover placebo controlled trial

double blind

Cross over

Sample size: 32/32

Primary endpoint: exercise

FU duration: 8 weeks

(n=114)

vs.

(n=110)

Sample size: 114/110

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

(n=105)

vs.

(n=103)

Sample size: 105/103

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

(n=139)

vs.

(n=47)

Sample size: 139/47

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

quinalapril 10, 20, or 40 mg/d (n=225)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Sample size: 225/0

Primary endpoint: exercise tolerance

FU duration: 12 weeks

quinapril (2.5, 5 or 10 mg b.i.d.) (n=55)

vs.

placebo (n=0)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 55/0

Primary endpoint: Humoral changes

FU duration: 12 weeks

quinapril (n=114)

vs.

placebo (n=110)

After > or = 10 weeks of single-blind quinapril therapy, patients were randomized in double-blind fashion to continue quinapril or to receive placebo

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 114/110

Primary endpoint: treadmill exercise time

FU duration: 16 weeks

Ramipril 2·5 mg twice daily initial dose, up to 5 mg twice daily for at least 6 months (n=1004)

vs.

placebo (n=992)

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 1004/992

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 1.25 y

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.44 [0.19; 1.03]

all cause death or hospitalisation 1.03 [0.33; 3.25]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.21 [0.05; 0.93]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.61 [0.28; 1.34]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.68 [0.12; 3.89]

all cause death or hospitalisation 0.77 [0.18; 3.23]

(n=115)

vs.

(n=108)

Sample size: 115/108

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

ramipril (n=87)

vs.

placebo (n=45)

Sample size: 87/45

Primary endpoint:

FU duration:

ramipril 10mg/d (n=94)

vs.

placebo (n=98)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 94/98

Primary endpoint: exercise

FU duration: 12 weeks

ramirpil 5 or 10 mg once daily (n=329)

vs.

placebo (n=171)

3 arms trials (placebo, 5 and 10 mg)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 329/171

Primary endpoint: exercise

FU duration: 12 weeks

ramipril 10mg once daily (n=47)

vs.

placebo (n=48)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 47/48

Primary endpoint: Exercise

FU duration: 12 weeks

ramipril 2.5mg twice daily (n=42)

vs.

placebo (n=43)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 42/43

Primary endpoint: Exercise

FU duration: 24 weeks

ramipril titrated from 1.25 mg to a maximum of 10 mg once daily (n=104)

vs.

placebo (n=91)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 104/91

Primary endpoint: maximal exercise time

FU duration: 12 weeks

Trandolapril 1 mg daily initial dose, up to 4 mg daily (n=876)

vs.

placebo (n=873)

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 876/873

Primary endpoint: death from any cause

FU duration: 3 y

trandolapril titrated up to 4mg/d (n=144)

vs.

placebo (n=148)

double blind

Sample size: 144/148

Primary endpoint: Exercise tolerance

FU duration: 16 weeks

Crit principaux 0.88 [0.71; 1.08]

Mortalité totale 1.30 [0.45; 3.72]

Décès cardiovasculaires 2.43 [0.47; 12.50]

revascularisation 0.90 [0.69; 1.16]

Infarctus non mortel 0.56 [0.27; 1.17]

AVC mortels et non mortels 0.65 [0.27; 1.58]

Ev. cardiovasculaires 0.88 [0.71; 1.08]

Enalapril 20mg daily (n=673)

vs.

Placebo (n=655)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 673/655

Primary endpoint: cardiovascular events

FU duration: 24 months

Crit principaux 0.81 [0.72; 0.91]

EUROPA endpoint 0.81 [0.72; 0.91]

Ev. coronariens 0.77 [0.66; 0.88]

Infarctus non mortel 0.78 [0.67; 0.90]

Ev. cardiovasculaires 0.81 [0.72; 0.91]

Toux 5.06 [3.47; 7.38]

hypotension 3.53 [2.06; 6.04]

Arrêt pour effet secondaire 1.10 [1.03; 1.17]

Insuffisance rénale 1.25 [0.65; 2.41]

Mortalité totale 0.89 [0.78; 1.02]

Décès cardiovasculaires 0.86 [0.72; 1.03]

revascularisation 0.96 [0.86; 1.07]

AVC mortels et non mortels 0.96 [0.73; 1.26]

perindopril 8 mg once daily (n=6110)

vs.

placebo (n=6108)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 6110/6108

Primary endpoint: cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or cardiac arrest

FU duration: 4.2y

Crit principaux 1.02 [0.91; 1.15]

Mortalité totale 0.99 [0.59; 1.68]

Décès coronariens 0.92 [0.42; 2.00]

Ev. coronariens 0.88 [0.61; 1.29]

Décès cardiovasculaires 0.92 [0.44; 1.95]

revascularisation 1.11 [0.86; 1.42]

Infarctus non mortel 0.89 [0.58; 1.39]

Ev. cardiovasculaires 0.88 [0.61; 1.29]

Quinapril 20mg one daily (n=878)

vs.

Placebo (n=872)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 878/872

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 27 months

Crit principaux 0.79 [0.72; 0.87]

nouveau diabète 0.66 [0.52; 0.84]

Mortalité totale 0.85 [0.76; 0.95]

Décès cardiovasculaires 0.75 [0.65; 0.87]

revascularisation 0.87 [0.80; 0.95]

Infarctus non mortel 0.81 [0.72; 0.91]

AVC mortels et non mortels 0.69 [0.57; 0.84]

Ev. cardiovasculaires 0.79 [0.72; 0.87]

HOPE endpoint 0.79 [0.72; 0.87]

Toux 4.01 [3.17; 5.06]

Angiodème 2.43 [1.01; 5.86]

hypotension 1.26 [0.92; 1.72]

Arrêt pour effet secondaire 1.06 [0.99; 1.13]

ramipril 10 mg once per day orally (n=4645)

vs.

placebo (n=4652)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 4645/4652

Primary endpoint:

FU duration: 5 y

Insuffisance rénale 1.58 [1.14; 2.18]

hypotension 2.75 [2.28; 3.31]

Arrêt pour effet secondaire 1.20 [1.14; 1.26]

Crit principaux 0.99 [0.93; 1.06]

nouveau diabète 0.89 [0.77; 1.03]

Mortalité totale 1.06 [0.98; 1.15]

Ev. coronariens 1.07 [0.94; 1.22]

Décès cardiovasculaires 1.04 [0.93; 1.16]

revascularisation 1.04 [0.96; 1.11]

AVC mortels et non mortels 0.93 [0.81; 1.07]

Toux 1.10 [0.96; 1.26]

Ev. cardiovasculaires 1.00 [0.93; 1.08]

Angiodème 0.73 [0.40; 1.33]

nouveau diabète 0.81 [0.70; 0.94]

Insuffisance rénale 1.39 [1.02; 1.89]

Toux 4.23 [3.38; 5.30]

hypotension 1.78 [1.52; 2.09]

Arrêt pour effet secondaire 1.28 [1.21; 1.34]

Crit principaux 0.98 [0.91; 1.05]

Mortalité totale 1.08 [1.00; 1.17]

Ev. coronariens 1.00 [0.88; 1.14]

Décès cardiovasculaires 1.04 [0.93; 1.16]

revascularisation 1.01 [0.95; 1.09]

AVC mortels et non mortels 1.02 [0.88; 1.17]

Ev. cardiovasculaires 1.01 [0.94; 1.09]

Angiodème 1.81 [0.84; 3.92]

telmisartan 80mg + ramipril 10mg daily (n=8502)

vs.

ramipril 10 mg daily (n=8576)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 8502/8576

Primary endpoint: cardiovascular events or hospitalization for HF

FU duration: 4.7y

telmisartan 80mg + ramipril 10mg daily (n=8502)

vs.

telmisartan 80 mg daily (n=8542)

double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 8502/8542

Primary endpoint: cardiovascular events or hospitalization for HF

FU duration: 4.7y

nouveau diabète 0.83 [0.73; 0.96]

Crit principaux 0.97 [0.90; 1.05]

EUROPA endpoint 0.97 [0.84; 1.11]

PEACE endpoint 0.99 [0.92; 1.06]

Mortalité totale 0.89 [0.77; 1.03]

Ev. coronariens 0.97 [0.90; 1.05]

Décès cardiovasculaires 0.95 [0.76; 1.19]

revascularisation 0.92 [0.78; 1.07]

Infarctus non mortel 1.00 [0.84; 1.20]

AVC mortels et non mortels 0.77 [0.56; 1.04]

Ev. cardiovasculaires 0.97 [0.84; 1.12]

HOPE endpoint 0.94 [0.82; 1.07]

Trandolapril at a target dose of 4 mg per day (n=4158)

vs.

Placebo (n=4132)

In February 2002, given the increasing evidence of the benefit of ACE inhibitors or angiotensinreceptor blockers in patients with diabetes mellitus and renal disease, the investigators were adviced to substitute open-label ACE inhibitors for the masked study treatment in patients with diabetes and either overt proteinuria or hypertension and microalbuminuria.

Double blind

Parallel groups

Sample size: 4158/4132

Primary endpoint: death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization

FU duration: median 4.8 y