acute myocardial infarction

     

mechanismtreatment Demonstrated benefit and harm k      
angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitorscaptopril

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

captopril inferior to placebo in terms of Death in ISIS-4, 1995

14 trialsmeta-analysis
angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitorsenalapril

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitorsfosinopril

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitorslisinopril

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitorsramipril

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitorszofenopril

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
angiotensin-receptor blockerslosartan

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

Losartan inferior to Captopril in terms of Cardiovascular death in OPTIMAAL, 2002

1 trialmeta-analysis
angiotensin-receptor blockersvalsartan

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
antiarrythmic drugsamiodarone

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

5 trialsmeta-analysis
antiarrythmic drugsmagnesium

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

magnesium inferior to control in terms of Heart failure in ISIS-4, 1995

magnesium inferior to control in terms of Profound hypotension in ISIS-4, 1995

magnesium inferior to control in terms of II-III heart block in ISIS-4, 1995

magnesium inferior to control in terms of Cardiogenic shock in ISIS-4, 1995

magnesium inferior to control in terms of Bradycardia in ISIS-4, 1995

magnesium inferior to placebo in terms of Heart failure in Morton, 1984

magnesium inferior to placebo in terms of II-III heart block in Morton, 1984

magnesium inferior to placebo in terms of Bradycardia in Woods, 1992

25 trialsmeta-analysis
anticoagulantcoumadin

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

coumadin inferior to placebo in terms of Major Bleeding in ASPECT, 1994

coumadin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Minor Bleeding in ASPECT-2 (coumadin+ASA vs ASA), 2002

2 trialsmeta-analysis
anticoagulantcoumadin

versus antiplatelet drugs

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
anticoagulantwarfarin

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Minor Bleeding in Zibaeenezhad, 2004

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Major Bleeding in CHAMP, 2002

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Minor Bleeding in CHAMP, 2002

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Major Bleeding in LoWASA, 2004

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Minor Bleeding in LoWASA, 2004

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of cardiovascular event in CARS (warfarin 1mg), 1997

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of non fatal MI in CARS (warfarin 1mg), 1997

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Thrombotic Stroke in CARS (warfarin 1mg), 1997

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Major Bleeding in WARIS II (warfarin+ASA), 2002

warfarin inferior to control (on top of aspirin) in terms of Minor Bleeding in WARIS II (warfarin+ASA), 2002

9 trialsmeta-analysis
anticoagulantwarfarin

versus antiplatelet drugs

No demonstrated result for efficacy

warfarin inferior to aspirin in terms of Major Bleeding in WARIS II (warfarin alone), 2002

warfarin inferior to aspirin in terms of Minor Bleeding in WARIS II (warfarin alone), 2002

1 trialmeta-analysis
antithromboticsaspirin

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

6 trialsmeta-analysis
antithromboticsclopidogrel

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
antithromboticsdalteparin

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
antithromboticsdalteparin

versus heparin

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
antithromboticselinogrel

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
antithromboticsenoxaparin

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
antithromboticsenoxaparin

versus heparin

No demonstrated result for efficacy

5 trialsmeta-analysis
antithromboticsfondaparinux

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
antithromboticsreviparin

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
antithromboticssulfinpyrazone

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

3 trialsmeta-analysis
antithromboticsticlopidine

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
antithromboticsUFH

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

4 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockersacebutolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockersalprenolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockersatenolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

3 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockersbetaxolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
beta-blockerscarvedilol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
beta-blockerslabetalol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
beta-blockersmetoprolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

9 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockersoxprenolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

7 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockerspindolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockerspractolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

6 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockerspropranolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

Propranolol inferior to placebo in terms of fatal and nonfatal MI in Hansteen , 1982

26 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockerssotalol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
beta-blockerstimolol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

7 trialsmeta-analysis
beta-blockersxamoterol

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
calcium channel blockersdiltiazem

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
calcium channel blockersdiltiazem

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

3 trialsmeta-analysis
calcium channel blockersnifedipine

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

3 trialsmeta-analysis
calcium channel blockersnifedipine

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

11 trialsmeta-analysis
calcium channel blockersverapamil

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

6 trialsmeta-analysis
increasing hemoglobin concentrationtaspoglutide

versus placebo

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
Late revascularisationPTCA

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

7 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationabciximab

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

Abciximab inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in Zorman, 2002

Abciximab inferior to primary intervention in terms of Final TIMI 3 flow in ReoPro-BRIDGING (Gyongyosi), 2004

Abciximab inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in Bellandi, 2006

Abciximab + reteplase inferior to primary intervention in terms of Short-term major bleeding in patients treated in FINESSE (combination-facilitated PCI), 2008

7 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationalteplase

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

alteplase inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in LIMI (Vermeer), 1999

alteplase inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in PACT (Ross,), 1999

2 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationanistreplase

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationAPSAC

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

3 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationAPSAC

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationeptifibatide

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

Eptifibatide inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in INTAMI (Zeymer), 2005

1 trialmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationlanoteplase

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationPCI

versus no systematic PCI

No demonstrated result for efficacy

5 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationPCI

versus ballon angioplasty

No demonstrated result for efficacy

13 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationPCI

versus thrombolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

4 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationprimary angioplasty

versus thrombolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

primary ballon angioplasty inferior to streptokinase in terms of MACE in Zwolle, 1994

primary ballon angioplasty inferior to streptokinase in terms of reinfarction in Zwolle, 1994

primary ballon angioplasty inferior to streptokinase in terms of in-hospital mortality in Zwolle, 1994

15 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationPTCA

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

rescue PTCA inferior to no rescue PTCA in terms of Minor bleeding in REACT (rescue PCI), 2005

rescue PTCA inferior to no rescue PTCA in terms of Minor bleeding in MERLIN, 2004

11 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationPTCA

versus no systematic PCI

No demonstrated result for efficacy

systematic ballon angioplasty inferior to no systematic angioplasty in terms of all CABG in SWIFT, 1991

systematic ballon angioplasty inferior to no systematic angioplasty in terms of Emergency CABG in TIMI 2, 1989

21 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationreteplase

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

3 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationsaruplase

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

4 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationstreptokinase

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

streptokinase inferior to placebo in terms of Hémorragies majeures précoces in ISAM, 1986

streptokinase inferior to placebo in terms of Hémorragies majeures précoces in ISIS-2 (SK), 1988

streptokinase inferior to placebo in terms of Hémorragies majeures précoces in Western Washington Intravenous Trial, 1988

7 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationstreptokinase

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

streptokinase inferior to primary intervention in terms of Short-term major bleeding in patients treated in SAMI (O’Neill), 1992

streptokinase inferior to primary intervention in terms of Short-term urgent target vessel revascularisation in SAMI (O’Neill), 1992

streptokinase inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in PRAGUE (Widimisky), 2000

2 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationstreptokinase

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationt-pa

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

t-PA inferior to placebo in terms of Hémorragies majeures précoces in ASSET, 1988

3 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationt-pa

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

t-PA inferior to streptokinase in terms of total stroke in GISSI II, 1990

t-PA inferior to streptokinase in terms of AVC précoce in International Study Group, 1990

16 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationtenecteplase

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

inferior to primary intervention in terms of Short-term death in ASSENT-4 PCI (Van de Werf), 2006

inferior to primary intervention in terms of Short-term non-fatal reinfarction in ASSENT-4 PCI (Van de Werf), 2006

inferior to primary intervention in terms of Short-term urgent target vessel revascularisation in ASSENT-4 PCI (Van de Werf), 2006

inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in ASSENT-4 PCI (Van de Werf), 2006

tenecteplase inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in GRACIA (Fernandez-Aviles,), 2004

3 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationtenecteplase

versus other fibrinolytic

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationtirofiban

versus

No demonstrated result for efficacy

Tirofiban inferior to primary intervention in terms of Initial TIMI 3 flow in TIGER-PA (Lee), 2003

3 trialsmeta-analysis
myocardial revascularizationurokinase

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

1 trialmeta-analysis
nitratesisosorbide dinitrate

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

4 trialsmeta-analysis
nitratesmolsidomine

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

2 trialsmeta-analysis
nitratesnitroglycerin

versus placebo or control

No demonstrated result for efficacy

10 trialsmeta-analysis
thrombectomydivers

versus conventional PCI

No demonstrated result for efficacy

4 trialsmeta-analysis